full transcript
"From the Ted Talk by Patricia Burchat: Shedding light on dark matter"

Unscramble the Blue Letters

So what you would expect is that if you measured the orbital speed of the stars, that they should be slower on the edges than on the inside. In other words, if we measured speed as a finocutn of distance — this is the only time I'm going to show a graph, OK — we would epecxt that it goes down as the distance increases from the center of the galaxy. When those measurements are made, instead what we find is that the speed is basically cnanotst, as a function of distance. If it's constant, that means that the stars out here are fienleg the gvnatoiiraatl effects of matter that we do not see. In fact, this galaxy and every other galaxy appears to be embedded in a cloud of this invisible dark mettar. And this cloud of matter is much more spherical than the gaalxy themselves, and it extends over a much wider rngae than the galaxy. So we see the galaxy and fixate on that, but it's actually a cloud of dark matter that's dominating the structure and the dynamics of this galaxy.

Open Cloze

So what you would expect is that if you measured the orbital speed of the stars, that they should be slower on the edges than on the inside. In other words, if we measured speed as a ________ of distance — this is the only time I'm going to show a graph, OK — we would ______ that it goes down as the distance increases from the center of the galaxy. When those measurements are made, instead what we find is that the speed is basically ________, as a function of distance. If it's constant, that means that the stars out here are _______ the _____________ effects of matter that we do not see. In fact, this galaxy and every other galaxy appears to be embedded in a cloud of this invisible dark ______. And this cloud of matter is much more spherical than the ______ themselves, and it extends over a much wider _____ than the galaxy. So we see the galaxy and fixate on that, but it's actually a cloud of dark matter that's dominating the structure and the dynamics of this galaxy.

Solution

  1. function
  2. constant
  3. gravitational
  4. matter
  5. range
  6. expect
  7. feeling
  8. galaxy

Original Text

So what you would expect is that if you measured the orbital speed of the stars, that they should be slower on the edges than on the inside. In other words, if we measured speed as a function of distance — this is the only time I'm going to show a graph, OK — we would expect that it goes down as the distance increases from the center of the galaxy. When those measurements are made, instead what we find is that the speed is basically constant, as a function of distance. If it's constant, that means that the stars out here are feeling the gravitational effects of matter that we do not see. In fact, this galaxy and every other galaxy appears to be embedded in a cloud of this invisible dark matter. And this cloud of matter is much more spherical than the galaxy themselves, and it extends over a much wider range than the galaxy. So we see the galaxy and fixate on that, but it's actually a cloud of dark matter that's dominating the structure and the dynamics of this galaxy.

ngrams of length 2

collocation frequency
dark matter 29
dark energy 11
ordinary matter 4
electromagnetic spectrum 4
big questions 4
gravitational lensing 3
gravitational effects 3
graph paper 3

Important Words

  1. appears
  2. basically
  3. center
  4. cloud
  5. constant
  6. dark
  7. distance
  8. dominating
  9. dynamics
  10. edges
  11. effects
  12. embedded
  13. expect
  14. extends
  15. fact
  16. feeling
  17. find
  18. fixate
  19. function
  20. galaxy
  21. graph
  22. gravitational
  23. increases
  24. invisible
  25. matter
  26. means
  27. measured
  28. measurements
  29. orbital
  30. range
  31. show
  32. slower
  33. speed
  34. spherical
  35. stars
  36. structure
  37. time
  38. wider
  39. words